Tin học Tri Tôn

Mã: Chọn tất cả

(* PHAN KHAI BAO - Khong nhat thiet phai co, tuy thuoc vao PHAN THAN *)
PROGRAM // Khai bao ten chuong trinh, chi duy nhat 1 ten, khong khai bao van hop le
    My_Program;
USES // Khai bao cac thu vien, co the khai bao thua, nhung khong the thieu
    CRT;
VAR // Khai bao cac bien, co the khai bao thua, nhung khong the thieu
    // So nguyen co gia tri trong khoang 0 den 255
    Bien_Dem, Bien_Byte: BYTE;
    // So nguyen co gia tri trong khoang -2^15 den 2^15 - 1
    Bien_SoNguyen: INTEGER;
    // So thuc co gia tri tuyet doi trong khoang 2,9 * 10^-39 den 1,7 * 10^38 va so 0
    Bien_SoThuc: REAL;
    // Xau ki tu, toi da gom 255 ki tu
    Bien_Chuoi: STRING;
    // Mot ki tu trong bang chu cai
    Bien_KyTu: CHAR;
    // Mang co the chua 255 SO NGUYEN
    Bien_Mang: ARRAY[1..255] OF INTEGER;
CONST // Khai bao cac hang, co the khai bao thua, nhung khong the thieu
    Hang = 300;
{ HET PHAN KHAI BAO }
 
(* PHAN THAN - Bat buoc phai co *)
BEGIN
    CLRSCR; // Lenh xoa man hinh (Su dung thu vien CRT)
    // Con tro nhay xuong dong moi
    WRITELN('Chao ban! Toi duoc viet bang ngon ngu lap trinh Pascal.');
    // Con tro khong nhay xuong dong moi
    WRITE('Hay nhap vao mot so nguyen trong khoang ''-2^15'' den ''2^15 - 1'': ');
    READ(Bien_SoNguyen); // Nhan gia tri nhap vao, phan thua van con trong bo nho
    WRITE('Hay nhap tiep mot so nguyen trong khoang [0] den [255]: ');
    READLN(Bien_Byte); // Nhan gia tri nhap vao, phan thua se bi loai ra bo nho
   
    WRITE(''); // Dung WRITE van hop le
    WRITELN(''); // Dung WRITELN van hop le
    WRITE('Gia tri ban vua nhap la: ', Bien_SoNguyen, ' va ', Bien_Byte );
    GOTOXY(1,10); // Di chuyen con tro den vi tri toa do (X,Y) (Su dung thu vien CRT)
   
    WRITELN('==================== (',
            // Co the tuy y xuong dong theo mot so quy tac nhat dinh
            WHEREX { Lay toa do X hien tai cua con tro (Su dung thu vien CRT) },
            'x',
            WHEREY { Lay toa do Y hien tai cua con tro (Su dung thu vien CRT) },
            ')');
    WRITELN('Cau lenh dieu kien IF <Dieu_kien> THEN <Cau_lenh_dung_DK> ELSE <Cau_lenh_sai_DK>');
    // Neu khong ket hop nhieu dieu kien thi co the bo qua cap dau ngoac tron ()
    IF (Bien_SoNguyen > Hang) OR (Bien_SoNguyen = Hang)
    THEN WRITE('Bien (', Bien_SoNguyen, ') >= Hang (', Hang, ')')
    ELSE WRITE('Bien (', Bien_SoNguyen, ') < Hang (', Hang, ')');
 
    WRITELN;
    WRITELN('==================== (', WHEREX, 'x', WHEREY, ')');
    WRITELN('Vong lap FOR <Gia_tri_bat_dau> TO <Gia_tri_ket_thuc> DO <Cau_lenh>');
    FOR Bien_Dem := 1 TO Bien_Byte DO WRITE('->', Bien_Dem);
 
    WRITELN;
    WRITELN('==================== (', WHEREX, 'x', WHEREY, ')');
    WRITELN('Vong lap WHILE <Dieu_kien> DO <Cau_lenh>');
    WRITELN('Luu y: Ban co the nhan to hop phim Ctrl + C de dung ngang chuong trinh');
    // Neu khong ket hop nhieu dieu kien thi co the bo qua cap dau ngoac tron ()
    WHILE (Bien_Dem > 0) AND (Bien_Dem <= 9999999) DO
        BEGIN // Cau lenh ghep BEGIN ... END;
            Bien_Mang[Bien_Dem] := Bien_Dem * 10; // Phep gan gia tri :=
            WRITE('->', Bien_Mang[Bien_Dem]);
            Bien_Dem := Bien_Dem - 1;
            DELAY(1000); // Tam dung chuong trinh 1 giay (Su dung thu vien CRT)
        END; // END trong cau lenh ghep dung dau cham phay (;)
    // Cau lenh nam tren lenh ket thuc chuong trinh (END.) khong co dau cham phay (;) van hop le
    READLN // Dung READLN() van hop le
END. // Bat buoc phai co dau cham (.)
{ HET PHAN THAN }
 
(* ----------------------------------- LY THUYET CHUNG ------------------------------- *)
{
    + Ngoai tru du lieu dang chuoi ra, tat ca cac thanh phan con lai:
        - Chi su dung cac ky tu A-Z, a-z, 0-9 va mot so ky dac biet khac
        - Khong phan biet chu HOA hay chu thuong
    + Cac ten do nguoi dung tu dat:
        - Khong duoc trung voi cac tu khoa
        - Chi duoc phep bao gom chu cai, chu so, dau gach chan
        - Khong duoc bat dau bang so
    + Cac phep toan thuong dung:
        - Cong: +
        - Tru: -
        - Nhan: *
        - Chia: /
        - Chia lay phan nguyen: DIV
        - Chi lay phan du: MOD
    + Cac phep so sanh:
        - Bang: =
        - Khong bang: <>
        - Be hon: <
        - Be hon hoac bang: <=
        - Lon hon: >
        - Lon hon hoac bang: >=
    + Cac phep so sanh ket hop thuong dung:
        - Hoac: OR
        - Va: AND
}